The drivers, barriers, and benefits of geoengieering technologies for net-zero transitions
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Abstract:
Despite a long history of climate agreements since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, greenhouse gas emissions have continued to grow over time, only temporarily slowed down by the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Negative emissions technologies (also known as carbon removal), including soil carbon sequestration, afforestation and reforestation, direct air capture, and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, may be employed to remove carbon dioxide from the Earth’s atmosphere. Negative emissions options could become widely deployed by mid-century, especially for industry. But their emergent benefits, risks, and impacts on justice, equity, and future climate pathways are uncertain. Drawn from a rich collection of original data as a part of the GENIE project, this presentation offers a meta-analytical framework where social science, engineering, and physical science disciplines merge for a comprehensive mapping of these prospective energy and climate transitions. It explores the environmental, technical, social, legal, ethical and policy dimensions of negative emissions deployment. It offers a critical scientific assessment of deployment options, controversies, and patterns of social acceptance and opposition for evidence-based policymaking to address climate change and a zero-emissions future.
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